The Coping Resources Inventory (CRI) measures five basic ways people handle stress. For counselors, the CRI can help clients recognize or bolster their coping resources, which in turn can help them minimize the impact of change and stress in their lives. For researchers, this is an efficient and valid measure of coping.
Copyright © 1988, 2004 by M. Susan Marting & Allen L. Hammer
Features of the CRI
Purpose: Measure five basic ways people handle stress
Length: 60 items
Average completion time: 10 minutes
Target population: Ages 14-83
Administration: For individual or group administration
Uses of the CRI
Scales
Cognitive (COG): “I feel as worthwhile as anyone else.”
The extent to which individuals maintain a positive sense of self-worth, a positive outlook toward others, and optimism about life in general. The role of a positive self-concept in adaptation to stress is well documented (e.g., see Pearlin & Schooler, 1978).
Social (SOC): “I am part of a group, other than my family, that cares about me.”
The degree to which individuals are imbedded in social networks that are able to provide support in times of stress.
Emotional (EMO): “I can cry when sad.”
The degree to which individuals are able to accept and express a range of affect, based on the premise that a range of emotional response aids in ameliorating long-term negative consequences of stress.
Spiritual/Philosophical (S/P): “I know what is important in life.”
The degree to which actions of individuals are guided by stable and consistent values derived from religious, familial, or cultural tradition or from personal philosophy. Such values might serve to define the meaning of potentially stressful events and to prescribe strategies for responding effectively. The content domain for this scale is broader than traditional western religious definitions of spirituality.
Physical (PHY): “I exercise vigorously 3-4 times a week.”
The degree to which individuals enact health-promoting behaviors believed to contribute to increased physical well-being. Physical well-being is thought to decrease the level of negative response to stress and to enable faster recovery. It may also help to attenuate potentially chronic stress-illness cycles resulting from negative physical responses to stressors that themselves become major stressors.
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From the Journal of Clinical Psychology 49:6 (1993), 815-30: "The coping resources inventory for stress: a measure of perceived resourcefulness."
From Psychological Reports 90:1 (2002) 270-72: "Sex, perception of immediate stress, and response to coping resources inventory, emotional domain"
"One of the goals in developing the CRI was to provide a tool for identifying resources currently available to individuals for managing stress. Clinical theory and practice largely focus on what is wrong with people rather than on what is right with them.
"The CRI was constructed to facilitate an emphasis on resources rather than deficits. Identifying and acknowledging clients’ resources and competencies as well as their deficits and impairments may prove useful in designing interventions and in improving self-concept. Increased knowledge of resources and their role in the coping process may also help in the design of prevention programs.
"If certain competencies or resources are known to be related to differential adjustment, interventions can be designed that will attempt to increase resources in at-risk populations. Conversely, if exposure to certain life events is related to negative outcomes such as physical illness or increases in psychological symptoms, and particular resources can attenuate these outcomes, then prevention programs could be developed to take this into account."
-- M. Susan Marting & Allen L. Hammer, Coping Resources Inventory Manual